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The Complete Guide to Docker

22. 06. 2022 1 min read intermediate

Docker changed the way we build and deploy software. Here is the complete guide.

What is Docker

Docker packages an application plus all its dependencies into a container. “Works on my machine” becomes “Works everywhere.”

Basic Commands

docker run -d -p 8080:80 nginx
docker ps
docker stop
docker rm
docker images
docker pull postgres:16

Dockerfile

FROM node:20-alpine
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci –production
COPY . .
EXPOSE 3000
CMD [“node”, “index.js”]

Docker Compose

services:
app:
build: .
ports: [“3000:3000”]
depends_on: [db]
db:
image: postgres:16
environment:
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: secret
volumes: [“pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data”]
volumes:
pgdata:

Networking

docker network create mynet
docker run –network mynet –name app myapp
docker run –network mynet –name db postgres

Volumes

docker volume create mydata
docker run -v mydata:/data myapp
docker run -v $(pwd):/app myapp # bind mount

Multi-stage Builds

FROM node:20 AS build
RUN npm run build

FROM node:20-alpine
COPY –from=build /app/dist ./dist

Best Practices

  • Alpine images
  • Multi-stage builds
  • Non-root user
  • .dockerignore
  • Health checks
  • Pinned versions

Next Step

Learn Docker Compose for multi-container apps, then Kubernetes for orchestration.

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CORE SYSTEMS team

We build core systems and AI agents that keep operations running. 15 years of experience with enterprise IT.